Museum island berlin

Как работают музеи, стоимость билетов

Существует специальный билет Berlin Pass, который позволяет не только бесплатно посетить некоторые экспозиции на острове, но и пользоваться общественным транспортом города. Входные билеты можно приобретать как на отдельные, так и на все объекты Музейного острова и даже во все государственные музеи.

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Исторические сведения

Первым публичным в Пруссии и первым музеем на острове стал Старый музей, возведенный в 1830 году.

• В 1859 году появилось здание Прусского королевского музея (сегодня Новый музей).
• В 1876 году комплекс пополнился Национальной галерей.
• Музей Боде, который открылся в 1904 году, сразу носил имя кайзера Фридриха (переименован он был только в 1960 году).
• А в 1930 году на острове было возведено здание Пергамского музея.

Музейный остров стал центром науки и искусства немецкой столицы. Еще в 1870-е годы именно благодаря данному комплексу Пруссия претендовала на место культурной европейской столицы наряду с главными городами Франции и Великобритании.

В 1880 году состоялась конференция директоров музея, где было принято решение размещать на Музейном острове исключительно экспонаты и произведения «высокого искусства». В те времена таковым считалось искусство Ближнего Востока и европейское.

В военные годы музейный комплекс был разрушен на 70 %. Приводили остров в порядок на протяжении нескольких десятилетий.

Другие достопримечательности Берлина

Музей современного искусства в Берлине оценят любители концептуальных течений искусства. Здесь представлены не просто пейзажи и натюрморты, но и эпатажные инсталляции, необычные фотографии, плакаты. Музей расположен в здании старого тупикового железнодорожного вокзала.

• Музей восковых фигур мадам Тюссо – одно из самых удивительных мест германской столицы. Здание площадью 2500 квадратных метров расположено недалеко от Бранденбургских ворот.
• Берлинский рейхстаг выглядит презентабельно и торжественно.
• Архитектурный ансамбль Александерплатц объединяет в себе довоенные постройки и современные здания.
• Берлинская опера – одно из самых старых зданий Берлина.
• В состав культурного центра Культфорум вошли картинная галерея, Новая национальная галерея, Гравюрный кабинет, Берлинская филармония.
• Трептов-парк, где открыт мемориал Советским воинам-освободителям.
• Унтер-ден-Линден – улица дворцов, музеев и площадей, ее называют «берлинским Бродвеем».
• Шарлоттенбург – величайший памятник архитектуры.

History of Museum Island

The Altes Museum (Old Museum) is located at Lustgarten, directly opposite the Berlin Cathedral and the new Humboldt Forum. With its opening in 1830, historically significant collections and artworks were made accessible to the general public in Berlin for the first time. The idea of a museum open to everyone goes back to the Enlightenment and its educational ideals. Karl Friedrich Schinkel, Prussia’s most important architect, provided the designs. Over the next 100 years, a total of five museums were built on the site. And at the end of the 1870s, Berlin’s Museum Island received its current name.

By 1855, a second impressive museum building was erected according to the plans of Friedrich August Stüler: the Royal Prussian Museum, today’s Neues Museum (New Museum). In 1876, the Alte Nationalgalerie (Old National Gallery), with architecture reminiscent of a Greek temple and incorporating Stüler’s designs, opened its doors. It took until the beginning of the 20th century to complete the ensemble. In 1904, the neo-baroque Kaiser Friedrich Museum at the tip of the Museum Island, today’s Bode Museum, opened. And in 1930, the Pergamon Museum was added as the last of the five large museum buildings.
The Nazis planned a gigantic conversion, which fortunately could not be implemented. After the war, Museum Island was a landscape of ruins, the Neues Museum in particular was almost completely destroyed. Reconstruction began during GDR times, but the Neues Museum still remained a ruin.

Museum Island’s master plan

In 1999, 10 years after the fall of the Berlin Wall, the Board of Trustees decided on a comprehensive restoration of the ensemble, entitled Museum Island’s master plan. This included the reconstruction of the Neues Museum and the restoration of the other museums. In addition, the individual museum buildings, each of which faces a different direction, were to be connected to form one large, unified whole.
A modern central entrance and exhibition building, the James Simon Gallery, has been welcoming guests since July 2019.
The British star architect David Chipperfield accepted the commission for planning the James Simon Gallery. His firm David Chipperfield Architects had already overseen the reconstruction of the Neues Museum. James Simon (1851-1932), a Jewish citizen in Berlin and a passionate art collector, now receives special recognition for the first time: he was the most important patron of Museum Island, who provided Berlin’s museums with extensive collections. His most famous transfer of ownership to Museum Island is under the northern dome in the Neues Museum: the bust of Nefertiti.
The Archaeological Promenade will connect four of the five museums and exhibit important objects from the art collections.

На чем добраться до Музейного острова

Остров музеев в Берлине находится в самом центре столицы. Добраться к нему не составит труда на общественном транспорте из любого района города. Прямо по территории острова проходит железнодорожная линия, но остановочная станция не предусмотрена. Однако идти до острова от ближайших остановок всего 5 минут:

• метро: Friedrichstraße (линия U6);
• городская электричка (S-Bahn): Friedrichstraße (S1, S2, S25) или Hackescher Markt (S5, S7, S75);
• трамвай: Hackescher Markt (M4, M5, M6) и Am Kupfergraben (M1, 12);
• автобус: Lustgarten (№ 100, №200), Friedrichstraße (№147), Staatsoper (TXL – автобус в аэропорт Тегель).

One island and five museums

The Pergamon Museum

The three-winged Pergamon Museum by Alfred Messel is the most visited museum in Berlin. It displays the Collection of Classical Antiquities, the Museum of the Ancient Near East and the Museum of Islamic Art. The Collection of Classical Antiquities is one of the most important collections of Greek and Roman art in the world. The most famous work is the Roman Pergamon Altar, whose sculpted frieze depicts the battle between gods and giants. As part of the master plan for Museum Island, the Pergamon Museum is being gradually renovated and a fourth wing will be added. In the course of this renovation, the hall with the Pergamon Altar is expected to be closed until 2025. A further highlight of Roman architecture, the approximately 17-metre-high Market Gate of Miletus, can still be viewed. Also on display are the highlights of the Museum of the Ancient Near East, the Babylonian Ishtar Gate with the Processional Way, and the artefacts of the Museum of Islamic Art.

The Bode Museum

Restoration of the Bode Museum at the tip of Museum Island was completed back in 2005. In its magnificent halls it houses a unique collection of sculptures, showcasing exhibits from the Middle Ages to the 19th century, including works from Donatello, Bernini and Canova. Other treasures are housed in the Museum of Byzantine Art and the Numismatic Collection. Together with works of European sculpture, works from Berlin’s Gemäldegalerie (Picture Gallery) are also on display. Since July 2019, visitors can once again visit the James Simon Cabinet in its original room, which was closed as a result of anti-Semitism under the Nazi dictatorship.
In summer, the riverbank opposite is a popular meeting place for Berliners and their visitors because of the beautiful view of the northern tip of Museum Island.

The Neues Museum

The reconstruction and renovation of the Neues Museum by the renowned architect David Chipperfield took a total of ten years. A sensitive approach to the old building and the traces of war, combined with ultra-modern conversions, resulted in an exciting, unusual architectural style that has not lost its authentic character. Since the spectacular reopening in 2009, the building has housed selected exhibits from the Egyptian Museum and Papyrus Collection, the Museum of Prehistory and Early History and the Collection of Classical Antiquities. The world-famous bust of Nefertiti is presented in a special octagonal room under the northern dome.

The Alte Nationalgalerie

Like an ancient temple, the Alte Nationalgalerie (Old National Gallery) rises above Museum Island on its high stepped pedestal. It is clear that Greek temples served as a model for the architect, Friedrich August Stüler. The Alte Nationalgalerie houses paintings and sculptures from Classicism, Romanticism, Biedermeier, Impressionism and the early Modern Age. It is considered to be one of the most comprehensive collections of art from the period between the French Revolution and the First World War. World-famous works such as The Monk by the Sea by Caspar David Friedrich and The Thinker by Auguste Rodin can be found here, as well as works by Schinkel, Menzel, Manet, Monet and Renoir among many others. Right at the entrance, visitors are welcomed by the most beautiful couple in Prussia: the famous Princesses Group by Johann Gottfried Schadow.

The Altes Museum

The classical building, the Altes Museum, designed by Karl Friedrich Schinkel in 1830 was the first museum building on the island. And for the first time, the royal art collections were shown to the public in a specially designed antique-style building. Today, countless masterpieces of classical antiquity are exhibited alongside the magnificent architecture with its expansive circular dome: Sculpture, jewellery, vases and coins from Greek and Etruscan art, as well as from the Roman Empire. Gold and silver jewellery is displayed under a blue ceiling in a special treasure chamber.

Museum Island is easily accessible by all forms of public transport in Berlin. You can take the underground using the U5, U6, or S-Bahn lines S1, S2, S25, S5, S7 or S75. The S-Bahn stop of Hackescher Markt is just 15 minutes walk away from the Island. The M1 and M12 trams stop at nearby Kupfergraben, less than 5 minutes walk away. The Lustgarten bus stop is 600m away from Pergamonmuseum and can be reached on buses 100 and 200. You can use the

to explore all the museums on Museum Island over three consecutive days. With a

you can visit 30 other museums in Berlin for free. Entry for children and young people up to the age of 18 is generally free.

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В заключение

Музейный остров в Берлине – комплекс самых интересных музеев. Здесь представлены экспозиции на любой вкус. Самым уникальным можно считать Пергамон. Он привлекает своими монументальными экспонатами, такими как ворота Иштар, стена Иерихона и другие.

В музее Боде собраны уникальные старинные коллекции произведений искусства, которые были собраны в Австрии еще ко второй половине XIX столетия.

В Старом музее можно увидеть уникальные артефакты Древней Греции и Рима, а в Новом – легендарный бюст Нефертити. Произведения нескольких эпох собраны в Старой национальной галерее.

Осмотреть все экспозиции за один день трудно. Посещать Музейный остров вам придется в течение нескольких дней, но это стоит того.

Подробная информация о работе и экспозициях музейного комплекса представлена на официальном сайте.